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用API函數遍歷指定驅動器、目錄的文件
以下代碼演示了如何用Windows API函數遍歷指定驅動器、目錄的所有文件。其思路是：調出瀏覽文件夾窗口讓用戶指定所要搜索的起始路徑，然后用查找文件的API函數遍歷該目錄下及其包含的子目錄下的所有文件。本例需要：一個按鈕，一個TextBox和一個ListBox，其中，TextBox應設置為多行。
核心代碼參照API-Guide的兩個例子程序，特此聲明。

Option Explicit

查找第一個文件的API

Private Declare Function FindFirstFile Lib "kernel32" Alias "FindFirstFileA" (ByVal lpFileName As String, lpFindFileData As WIN32_FIND_DATA) As Long

查找下一個文件的API

Private Declare Function FindNextFile Lib "kernel32" Alias "FindNextFileA" (ByVal hFindFile As Long, lpFindFileData As WIN32_FIND_DATA) As Long

獲取文件屬性的API

Private Declare Function GetFileAttributes Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetFileAttributesA" (ByVal lpFileName As String) As Long

關閉查找文件的API

Private Declare Function FindClose Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hFindFile As Long) As Long

以下為調用瀏覽文件夾窗口的API

Private Declare Sub CoTaskMemFree Lib "ole32.dll" (ByVal hMem As Long)
Private Declare Function lstrcat Lib "kernel32" Alias "lstrcatA" (ByVal lpString1 As String, ByVal lpString2 As String) As Long
Private Declare Function SHBrowseForFolder Lib "shell32" (lpbi As BrowseInfo) As Long
Private Declare Function SHGetPathFromIDList Lib "shell32" (ByVal pidList As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As String) As Long

常量

Const MAX_PATH = 260
Const MAXDWORD = &HFFFF
Const INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = &H20
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY = &H10
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = &H2
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = &H80
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY = &H1
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM = &H4
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY = &H100
Const BIF_RETURNONLYFSDIRS = 1
Private Type FILETIME
dwLowDateTime As Long
dwHighDateTime As Long
End Type

定義類(用于查找文件)

Private Type WIN32_FIND_DATA
dwFileAttributes As Long
ftCreationTime As FILETIME
ftLastAccessTime As FILETIME
ftLastWriteTime As FILETIME
nFileSizeHigh As Long
nFileSizeLow As Long
dwReserved0 As Long
dwReserved1 As Long
cFileName As String * MAX_PATH
cAlternate As String * 14
End Type

定義類(用于瀏覽文件夾窗口)

Private Type BrowseInfo
hWndOwner As Long
pIDLRoot As Long
pszDisplayName As Long
lpszTitle As Long
ulFlags As Long
lpfnCallback As Long
lParam As Long
iImage As Long
End Type

自定義函數

Function StripNulls(OriginalStr As String) As String
If (InStr(OriginalStr, Chr(0)) > 0) Then
OriginalStr = Left(OriginalStr, InStr(OriginalStr, Chr(0)) - 1)
End If
StripNulls = OriginalStr
End Function

自定義函數

Function FindFilesAPI(path As String, SearchStr As String, FileCount As Integer, _
DirCount As Integer)
Dim FileName As String 文件名
Dim DirName As String 子目錄名
Dim dirNames() As String 目錄數組
Dim nDir As Integer 當前路徑的目錄數
Dim i As Integer 循環計數器變量
Dim hSearch As Long 搜索句柄變量
Dim WFD As WIN32_FIND_DATA
Dim Cont As Integer
If Right(path, 1) <> "" Then path = path & ""

搜索子目錄

nDir = 0
ReDim dirNames(nDir)
Cont = True
hSearch = FindFirstFile(path & "*", WFD)
If hSearch <> INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then
Do While Cont
DirName = StripNulls(WFD.cFileName)
If (DirName <> ".") And (DirName <> "..") Then
If GetFileAttributes(path & DirName) And FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY Then
dirNames(nDir) = DirName
DirCount = DirCount + 1
nDir = nDir + 1
ReDim Preserve dirNames(nDir)
End If
End If
Cont = FindNextFile(hSearch, WFD) 獲取下一個子目錄
Loop
Cont = FindClose(hSearch)
End If

遍歷目錄并累計文件總數

hSearch = FindFirstFile(path & SearchStr, WFD)
Cont = True
If hSearch <> INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then
While Cont
FileName = StripNulls(WFD.cFileName)
If (FileName <> ".") And (FileName <> "..") Then
FindFilesAPI = FindFilesAPI + (WFD.nFileSizeHigh * MAXDWORD) + WFD.nFileSizeLow
FileCount = FileCount + 1
List1.AddItem path & FileName
End If
Cont = FindNextFile(hSearch, WFD) 獲取下一個文件
Wend
Cont = FindClose(hSearch)
End If

如果子目錄存在則遍歷之

If nDir > 0 Then
For i = 0 To nDir - 1
FindFilesAPI = FindFilesAPI + FindFilesAPI(path & dirNames(i) & "", _
SearchStr, FileCount, DirCount)
Next i
End If
End Function

查找按鈕代碼

Sub Command1_Click()
Dim SearchPath As String, FindStr As String
Dim FileSize As Long
Dim NumFiles As Integer, NumDirs As Integer
Dim iNull As Integer, lpIDList As Long, lResult As Long
Dim sPath As String, udtBI As BrowseInfo
With udtBI

設置瀏覽窗口

.hWndOwner = Me.hWnd

返回選中的目錄

.ulFlags = BIF_RETURNONLYFSDIRS
End With

調出瀏覽窗口

lpIDList = SHBrowseForFolder(udtBI)
If lpIDList Then
sPath = String$(MAX_PATH, 0)

獲取路徑

SHGetPathFromIDList lpIDList, sPath

釋放內存

CoTaskMemFree lpIDList
iNull = InStr(sPath, vbNullChar)
If iNull Then
sPath = Left$(sPath, iNull - 1)
End If
End If

Screen.MousePointer = vbHourglass
List1.Clear

SearchPath = sPath 選中的目錄為搜索的起始路徑
FindStr = "*.*" 搜索所有類型的文件(此處可另作定義)
FileSize = FindFilesAPI(SearchPath, FindStr, NumFiles, NumDirs)
Text1.Text = "查找到的文件數：" & NumFiles & vbCrLf & "查找的目錄數：" & _
NumDirs + 1 & vbCrLf & "文件大小總共為：" & vbCrLf & _

Format(FileSize, "#,###,###,##0") & "字節"
Screen.MousePointer = vbDefault
End Sub
作者：http://www.zhujiangroad.com
來源：http://www.zhujiangroad.com
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