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實用心得:MySQL群集雙機模擬方案

普通PC server * 2 (最小集群環境需要4臺服務器)

模擬環境

red hat linux9 for x86 (or red hat AS 2以上版本),glibc-2.2, static, gcc

MySQL版本4.1.12 binares

mysql-max binary版本目前只支持linux、max os x和solaris

本方案不涉及從源代碼編譯安裝。

主機                        IP地址                用途ndb1_mgmd_sqld            192.168.1.100      Ndb node1+mgmd node1+sqld node1ndb2_sqld2                192.168.1.200      Ndb node2+sqld node2Mgmd:management serversqld:mysql serverndb:storaged node (share-nothing,base in memory)

安裝

從http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/4.1.html下載mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz到/var/tmp

Storage and SQL Node Installation

在兩臺主機上執行如下過程:

shell>;groupadd mysqlshell>;useradd -g mysql mysqlshell>;tar zxfv mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gzshell>;cp -vr mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686shell>;cd /usr/localshell>;ln -s mysql-max-4.1.12-pc-linux-gnu-i686 mysqlshell>;cd mysql;scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysqlshell>;chown -R root .;chown -R mysql data;chgrp -R mysql .shell>;cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/shell>;chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.servershell>;chkconfig --add mysql.servershell>;chkconfig –level 3 mysql.server off

Management Node Installation

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>;cd /var/tmpshell>;tar -zxvf mysql-max-4.1.12a-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz /usr/local/bin '*/bin/ndb_mgm*'ConfigurationConfiguring the Storage and SQL Nodes在兩臺主機上執行如下過程:shell>;vi /etc/my.cnf[MYSQLD]                                        # Options for mysqld process:ndbcluster                                             # run NDB enginendb-connectstring=192.168.1.100          # location of MGM node[MYSQL_CLUSTER]                                # Options for ndbd process:ndb-connectstring=192.168.1.100          # location of MGM nodeConfiguring the Management Node在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程shell>;mkdir /var/lib/mysql-clustershell>;cd /var/lib/mysql-clustershell>;vi config.ini[NDBD DEFAULT]            # Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:NoOfReplicas=2            # Number of replicasDataMemory=80M            # How much memory to allocate for data storageIndexMemory=52M           # How much memory to allocate for index storage                        # For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the                        # default values. Since the "world" database takes up                        # only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for                        # this example Cluster setup.[TCP DEFAULT][NDB_MGMD]                       # Management process options:hostname=192.168.1.100        # Hostname or IP address of MGM nodedatadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster          # Directory for MGM node logfiles[NDBD]                                         # Options for data node "A":                            # (one [NDBD] section per data node)HostName=192.168.1.100                   # Hostname or IP addressDataDir=/usr/local/mysql/data           # Directory for this data node's datafiles[NDBD]                                         # Options for data node "B":hostname=192.168.1.200                   # Hostname or IP addressdatadir=/usr/local/mysql/data           # Directory for this data node's datafiles[MYSQLD]                                # SQL node options:hostname=192.168.1.100                 # Hostname or IP address                                # Directory for SQL node's datafiles                                # (additional mysqld connections can be                                # specified for this node for various                                # purposes such as running ndb_restore)[MYSQLD]                        # SQL node options:hostname=192.168.1.200                 # Hostname or IP address                                # Directory for SQL node's datafiles                                 # (additional mysqld connections can be                                 # specified for this node for various                                 # purposes such as running ndb_restore)

第一次啟動

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>; ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

在兩臺主機上執行如下過程

shell>;ndbd –initial (note:--initial選項只能在第一次啟動的時候使用)

shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server start

測試

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>; ndb_mgm-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --ndb_mgm>; showConnected to Management Server at: localhost:1186Cluster Configuration---------------------[ndbd(NDB)]     2 node(s)id=2    @192.168.0.100  (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0, Master)id=3    @192.168.0.200  (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)id=1    @192.168.0.100  (Version: 4.1.12)[mysqld(SQL)]   1 node(s)id=4   (Version: 4.1.12)

出現如上信息則表示mysql群集安裝成功。

數據抽樣測試

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root testMySQL>;DROP TABLE IF EXISTS City;CREATE TABLE City (ID int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,Name char(35) NOT NULL default '',CountryCode char(3) NOT NULL default '',District char(20) NOT NULL default '',Population int(11) NOT NULL default '0',PRIMARY KEY  (ID)) ENGINE=NDBCLUSTER;MySQL>;INSERT INTO City VALUES (1,'Kabul','AFG','Kabol',1780000);INSERT INTO City VALUES (2,'Qandahar','AFG','Qandahar',237500);INSERT INTO City VALUES (3,'Herat','AFG','Herat',186800);

在主機ndb2_sqld2上執行如下過程:

shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root mysql

MySQSL>;select * from City;

如果成功顯示數據信息,則表示集群已經成功啟動。

Safe Shutdown and Restart

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>;ndb_mgm -e shutdown (關閉集群服務器,storage node也會自動被關閉。)

在兩臺主機上執行如下過程:

shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server stop

重新啟動集群(順序不能弄錯)

在主機ndb1_mgmd_sqld1上執行如下過程:

shell>; ndb_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini

在兩臺主機上執行如下過程:

shell>;/usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd

啟動完ndbd進程后啟動sqld進程:

shell>;/etc/init.d/mysql.server start

附:

config.ini中各部分解釋:

[COMPUTER]: 定義群集主機.

[NDBD]: 定義群集數據節點.

[MYSQLD]: 定義Sql server節點.

[MGM|NDB_MGMD]: Defines the management server node in the cluster.

[TCP]: Defines TCP/IP connections between nodes in the cluster, with TCP/IP being the default connection protocol.

[SHM]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes.

在MySQL 4.1.9之前,這個功能必須使用--with-ndb-shm option編譯進去, 從MySQL 4.1.9-max版本開始, it is enabled by default。

作者:http://www.zhujiangroad.com
來源:http://www.zhujiangroad.com
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